USMLE PRACTICE TEST 2017 PDF

This is basically how we create new antibodies. What is normally one gene configuration related to immune globulins in most tissues demonstrates multiple different bands in the bone marrow, indicative of gene rearrangement. C – Southern blots are commonly used in immunological studies, as the southern blot allows for the study of DNA alterations.A P2 louder than A2 means that the pulmonary arterial pressure is significantly elevated. B – The left-sided system is much higher pressure than the right side, hence the aortic valve closing is usually louder than the pulmonic valve.Darbepoetin (like erythropoietin) is used to stimulate red blood cell production. Leucovorin (folinic acid) sounds like it would also be right, but it’s used to prevent bone marrow suppression in patients taking methotrexate. C – Filgrastim is a granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), which are drugs used to increase white blood cell count in patients with leukopenia.A differential for both to keep in mind is septic arthritis.* Contrast with gout, negatively birefringent, big toe. Most commonly affected location is the knee.

C – Pseudogout is caused by positively-birefringent rhomboid calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition.This increased permeability aids in the movement of proteins and white blood cells to the site of injury. E – VEGF is a major tissue growth factor activated by injury, cytokine release (infection, inflammation) and hypoxia that promotes angiogenesis and also increases vascular permeability (hence the edema).A – Acting out aka “being a teenager.”*.D – Hot tub folliculitis, it’s a thing.Chronic infection is associated with an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder (as opposed to the usual urothelial/transitional cell). Calcifications of the bladder wall are essentially pathognomonic.

D – Schistosomiasis is a parasitic worm particularly endemic in Africa (Egypt, in particular, comes up the most on questions) that is most associated with chronic cystitis.

Prior sets/explanations can be found here. The multimedia explanations are at the end. This facilitates using these explanations in future years when they change the available question set (because the old ones are always available via ).

USMLE PRACTICE TEST 2017 PDF

Like in years past, the question order here is for the PDF version (not the FRED-simulated browser version). Here are my explanations for the new NBME 2018 USMLE Step 1 Sample Test Questions. This year there are 51 new ones (marked with asterisks).

Usmle practice test 2017